DrugXpert Blog

Pharmacy profession have evolve over the years to fit social needs. From apothecary model, compounding model, distribution model, clinical pharmacy model and now pharmaceutical care (PC) model with different phylosophy and practice. Pharmaceutical care Definition Of Pharmaceutical Care (PC) Pharmaceutical care as defined by Hepler and Linda Strand is the responsible provision of drug therapy for the purpose of achieving definite outcomes that improve a patient's quality of life. This came from their article ‘Opportunities and responsibilities in pharmaceutical care’ from 1990 and became the ignition and spark pharmaceutical care need to take a stand. Ever since then, different definitions have been use such as the direct, responsible provision of medication-related care for the purpose of achieving definite outcomes that improve a patient's quality of life. The International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) 1998 statement describes pharmaceutical care as the responsible provisio...

In this blog, I have mentioned pharmacy and pharmacist a whole lot of time. They mean a lot to me. That is why I decided to define what each term means. Pharmacist induction into the profession There are so many occasions we interchange the words pharmacy and pharmacist. They don't mean the same thing. Difference Between Pharmacy And Pharmacist Pharmacy When we talk about pharmacy, we talk about a profession. It covers education, practice and the way of life of a group of people. The scope of pharmacy practice includes more traditional roles such as compounding and dispensing of medications, and it also includes more modern services related to health care, including clinical services, reviewing medications for safety and efficacy, and providing drug information. Pharmacist Pharmacists are healthcare professionals trained in the science of pharmacy. They are capable of dispensing medicinal drugs for various medical needs as well as providing the much needed pharmaceutical care to pa...

Community pharmacy is a shop where health services are rendered. It is the first health facility many sick people go to for solutions and healthy individuals visit for health advice. They make the money from sales of drugs and rendering of services such as minor laboratory investigations like blood pressure monitors. Profit in community pharmacy The business aspect is lucrative and profitable in Nigeria. However, the profit between two community pharmacies is not the same even if they make the same sales. Read Also :  The Cost Of Starting A Community Pharmacy At Different Location In Nigeria There is no standard mark-up for sales of products and rendering of services. Every community pharmacy uses their own mark-up. This affects how the profit for that center is compared to another. Another problem is that some community pharmacies don't even use mark-up. They just fix prices depending on their perception of the product or service and the community perception of it. Also the cost o...

Pharmacy There are two pharmacy related courses in Nigeria. They are pharmacy technicians and pharmaceutical technology. There is growing confusion as to what is the difference between a pharmacist, pharmacy technician and pharmaceutical technologist. Let us use this post to clear the air. Pharmacy A pharmacist is a professional trained to turn raw material into drugs (medicine), distribute, store, dispense, counsel patients on the drug use including follow up. They work in the industry, community pharmacy, hospital, drug regulatory agency, government department, research institute, etc. Read Also :  Pharmaceutical technology programme in Nigeria Pharmacists are trained in the university under five to six departments. The department includes clinical pharmacy, pharmacognosy, pharmacology (toxicology), pharmaceutical microbiology, pharmaceutical chemistry and pharmaceutical technology (pharmaceutics). This leads to the award of bachelor of pharmacy (B Pharm) after five years or doct...

Gregory University Gregory university (GU) is a private university in Uturu, abia state of Nigeria. It is owned by Pope Gregory I and founded in 2012. Some say it is the fastest growing university in Africa. The teaching hospital is currently under construction. Read Also :  Subject in Pharmacy Pharmacy programme with a doctor of pharmacy (Pharm D) degree was launched sometime last year. It is like they are yet to have their first year pharmacy student due to Covid-19 pandemic. However, it has not been accredited. Mode Of Admission Gregory university accepts three modes of admission into their school. They are through joint admission and matriculation board (JAMB), Pre-degree and Direct entry (DE) JAMB Admission Process Candidates seeking enrolment into Gregory university must pass five O'level subjects in not more than two sittings. They include English language, mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology. In addition to that, they must pass unitary tertiary matriculation examina...

Ozoro polytechnic Pharmacy is a science course. It is regulated by the pharmacists council of Nigeria (PCN). Pharmacy programme runs for a period of five or six years. It leads to the award of bachelor of pharmacy (B Pharm) or doctor of pharmacy (Pharm D). Read Also :  Pharmacy school in Nigeria The PCN have accredited some faculties of pharmacy in Nigeria universities. These include federal, state and private universities. There are many faculties of pharmacy not yet accredited by PCN. Pharmacy In Polytechnic As at 2021, the PCN has not approved any polytechnic or college of education for the award of pharmacy degree. However, there is a course called pharmacy technician in major school or college of health technology. They award ordinary national diplomas (OND) for pharmacy technicians. That is not all. Some polytechnics in Nigeria run a pharmaceutical technology programme. This led to the award of OND and higher national diploma (HND) in pharmaceutical technology. The programme ...

ESUT logo The Enugu state university of science and technology (ESUT) is a tertiary institution that began as ASUTECH on July 30, 1980. The name change took effect with the birth of Enugu state from Anambra state in 1991. Vision to be the premier university in Africa in capacity development that promotes services to the society through gradually teaching, research and community service. Read Also :  Madonna University pharmacy review Mission To promote scholarship, especially in the areas of science, management and technology thereby ensuring the development of quality manpower that will utilise technology for the service of society. Pharmacy In ESUT Pharmacy in ESUT is very new. So therefore, information about the programme is still not stable. ESUT pharmacy accepts three modes of admission. They are joint admission and matriculation board (JAMB) unitary tertiary matriculation examination (UTME), direct entry and pre-degree. JAMB UTME Candidates who wish to study pharmacy in ESUT ...

The university of Calabar (UNICAL) is situated in Calabar, cross River state, Nigeria. It was a campus of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN) until 1975. It's students are nicknamed malabites. University Of Calabar (UNICAL) Pharmacy The University of Calabar (UNICAL) recently introduced a pharmacy programme. It is over four years since it enrolled its first students. Unfortunately, it is not yet approved by the pharmacist council of Nigeria (PCN). Mode Of Entry There are three modes of entry into pharmacy in the university of Calabar. They are pre-degree, direct entry (DE) and joint admission and matriculation board (JAMB) unitary tertiary matriculation examination (UTME). Pre-degree University of Calabar also runs a pre-degree programme for all those who wish to enter into a degree programme. Those that pass will be admitted into the degree programme at year one. The programme runs for an academic session of two semesters with examination. Read Also :  Sales of internship form...

A pharmacy Pharmacy is a profession that is practiced all around the world. This has led to the use of different terms for different things in the profession. One of which is the controversy surrounding where drugs are sold and dispensed. There are so many terms to describe a shop where drugs are sold and dispensed. They include pharmacy, hospital pharmacy, community pharmacy, retail pharmacy, medical shop, drugstore, and public pharmacy. Read Also :  Can a nurse or pharmacy technician open a community pharmacy Pharmacy, Community Pharmacy, Retail Pharmacy, Public Pharmacy A pharmacy is a shop where drugs are sold and dispensed. A pharmacy in a hospital is called a hospital pharmacy. It can be in a community hence called a community pharmacy, public pharmacy or retail pharmacy. There must be a pharmacist on ground at all times. Focus is on the local population. They build-up a reputation/relationship with the individual to improve their condition. A pharmacy sells and dispenses dru...

Pharmacy Vs chemistry There is confusion as to what is the difference between pharmacy and chemistry. This confusion is extended to who a pharmacist is or chemist. This confusion is worldwide with different definitions. Well, this post will explain what both are and where the confusion is coming from. Pharmacy Pharmacy is a profession that deals with the science of preparing and dispensing drugs including patient counseling. It is the study of chemistry and pharmaceutics among other specialties topics. Chemistry Chemistry is the branch of physical science that studies the properties and building (synthesis) of molecules. Read Also:  Difference between a pharmacologist and pharmacist Pharmacist A pharmacist is also called a chemist in the United Kingdom (UK) or a druggist in the United States of America (USA). They are health care professionals who specialise in manufacture and safe use of medicine as they deal with the composition, effect, mechanism of action, proper and effective ...

Pharmacist and Money There are many fields in pharmacy. They are all lucrative. But just like all fingers are not equal, some of the fields are more lucrative than others. Many young pharmacists wish to carve a career path for themselves in the most lucrative field. They always ask what field of pharmacy makes the most money. Fields In Pharmacy To know the most lucrative field in pharmacy, we need to know which field exists in pharmacy in Nigeria. Below is the list. Read Also :  Alternative career for Pharmacist 1. Community pharmacy 2. Hospital pharmacy 3. Industrial/clinical trials 4. Education/research 5. Regulatory 6. Government and NGO 7. Consultant pharmacist Pharmacist Employee As an employee in any of the fields, the salary depends on the company. Most private firms don't pay as much as the government. And most state governments, especially those in the south, pay higher than the federal government. As an employee in an establishment, working as a pharmacist in the industry...

Pharmacognosy curriculum Pharmacognosy and traditional medicine is a department in the faculty of pharmacy. It is believed to be the most difficult department in pharmacy. It is a department that touches how our forefathers treated diseases and infection using locally source materials. It is an interesting department if it is what we expected. That is list herbs for treating different ailments and how to prepare the concoction. Thereafter, the method of administration. Read Also : Pharmacognosy department practical classes But all that was just a fraction of it. In Fact that is just a course in the whole year in school. Everything about traditional medicine that we know changed completely. Pharmacognosy Curriculum The first course was in year two first semester. It was an introduction to pharmacognosy and traditional medicine. They started with the history of pharmacognosy and how it is the oldest profession on earth. Then define some terms and their meaning. No problem w...

Igbinedion university Igbinedion university, okada (IUO) is the first private university in Nigeria. It was established in the year 1999 in the town of Okada, the headquarters of Ovia North East local government area of Edo State. The university has seven colleges including the college of pharmacy. Read Also : Important secondary school subject in pharmacy College Of Pharmacy The college of pharmacy in IUO graduated it's 6th set of pharmacy in 2017. They were awarded a Bachelor of Pharmacy (B. Pharm) after five years. The college was named after the former Director-general (DG) of national agency for food and drug administration and control (NAFDAC), Dr Dora Akunyili. Mode Of Admission There are many means of entry into pharmacy in IUO. The requirements are light when compared to government owned university. Unitary Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) It is required that all prospective candidates must possess five credit passes in English language, mathem...

Pharmacy business proposal Most pharmacist in Nigeria like to own a pharmacy business. Their major setback is start-up capital. They fear bank loans because of their difficult terms and conditions. The few that meets these requirements and apply may not get approval. Corp members are privilege to enjoy soft loan from three sources (bank of industry, central bank of Nigeria and NYSC foundation) with no stringent conditions. Due to this, many apply. However, very few get approval. This is most likely due to failure to provide a robust business proposal. Acquiring a loan for an existing business is easier than a start-up. All it takes is to state the current stand of the business, what the loan will cover, the value of the loan and how to repay. On the other hand, acquiring loan for a start-up require you to prove beyond reasonable doubt why the business is profitable, the start-up costs, the potential profits with little risk. Read Also:   Low interest rate loan for corp membe...

Pharmacy postgraduate courses  To practice as a pharmacist in Nigeria, one has to study in an accredited university of pharmacy. The study programme is long and practically impossible for anyone to learn everything the profession has to offer. This ranges from the undergraduate and postgraduate study. There are more than 100 accredited universities by National Universities Commission (N.U.C). Of them, just 22 offer pharmacy programmes according the Pharmacists Council of Nigeria ( The P.C.N.) website. Courses each university offer varies and changes year in year out. This is because these universities grow with time. However, this post will list out the the universities that offer pharmacy course as a degree. Undergraduate degree in pharmacy is presently two in Nigeria. This is not the case in United States Of America (U.S.A) where they are presently phasing out one of them. However, without wasting much time, let us see the universities. Universities That Offers B. Pharm...