Advantage, Disadvantage And Classification Of Pharmaceutical Monophasic Liquid Dosage Form

Monophasic liquid dosage form is a liquid preparation containing two or more components in one phase system (single-phase). It is represented by a true solution. A true solution is a clear homogeneous mixture that is prepared by dissolving solute in a suitable solvent.

Monophasic liquid

The component of the solution which is present in a large quantity is known as “SOLVENT” whereas the component present in a small quantity is termed as “SOLUTE”. It leads to rapid and high absorption of the drug.

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Advantages Of Monophasic Liquid

1. It is easier to swallow, therefore easier for children and old age people

2. Facilitate absorption of drug faster than solid dosage form as drug is already in solution form

3. It is homogeneous therefore give uniform dose than suspension or emulsion which need shaking

4. Simple and fast to formulate

5. It can be administered by various routes: oral, parenteral (injection), enema for rectal use, otic (ear), nasal and ophthalmic preparation

6. The unpleasant taste and smell of the drug are masked by adding sweeteners and flavor-enhancing agents

Disadvantages Of Monophasic Liquid

1. They are bulky, so difficult to transport and store

2. Water is a commonly used solvent, which is prone to microbial growth. So addition of preservatives is needed

3. When exposed to direct sunlight it may undergo hydrolysis, so need to store in cool and dark place

4. Drug stability is reduced by hydrolysis or oxidation. So, they have a shorter expire date than solid dosage form

5. Other major signs of drug instability are colour change, Precipitation, microbial growth etc.

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Classification Of Monophasic Liquid Dosage Form

Liquid Meant For Internal Application

1. Syrup

2. Mixture

3. Elixir

4. Linctus

Liquid Meant For External Application

1. Liquid applied to the skin

a. Lotion

b. Liniment

c. Collodions

d. Paint

2. Liquid use in mouth

a. Gargle

b. Mouthwash

c. Throat paint

3. Liquid instill in body cavities

a. Douche

b. Ear drop

c. Eye drop

d. Nasal drop

e. Enema