DrugXpert Blog

Liver cirrhosis is defined as scarring (fibrosis) of the liver cells and tissues. This is caused by long term liver disease. The scar tissue prevents the liver from carrying out its function properly depending on the level of damage. The scar blood bile duct. It is the end stage of any liver disease. It can eventually lead to liver failure. Liver cirrhosis Symptoms Of Liver Cirrhosis Since liver cirrhosis is the end stage of other liver disease, symptoms depend on the disease causing liver cirrhosis. As the liver gets to critical level, the following may manifest: 1. Feeling tired and weak 2. Feeling sick and nausea 3. Loss of appetite, muscle mass and weight 4. Red papules on the palm 5. Small spider web like blood vessels (spider angiomas) on the skin and above waist level Complications Of Liver Cirrhosis 1. Jaundice 2. Vomiting blood 3. Itchy skin 4. Dark pee and tarry looking poop 5. Bleeding and bruise easily 6. Swollen legs or tummy (ascites) from fluid build-up known as portal h...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus. The acid can be liquid or gas. It can be minor when it happens a few minutes in a week or major when it happens for hours everyday. It affects people of all ages including newborns. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Symptoms Of GERD Symptoms can be severe and can include one or more. It can last for two hours. Symptoms can get worse mostly after eating, lying down, bending over or at night. At night, saliva production reduces which is one of the ways the acid in the stomach is neutralised naturally. This leads to reduced swallowing. Also, little or no gravitational effect during sleep makes GERD symptoms worse. Read Also :  How To Manage Baby Acid Reflux 1. Heartburn usually after eating 2. Chest pain that looks like heart failure 3. Difficulty swallowing 4. Regurgitation of food or sour liquid 5. Bad breath especially in children 6. Wearing away of the tooth enamel 7. Sensation of lump ...

Arthritis is the umbrella term used to describe inflammation of joints. There are two types of arthritis. They are rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). There is a third class which is juvenile idiopathic arthritis. But because there is no clear definition aside from arthritis that occurs in adolescents below the age of 17, many books don't include it. Rheumatoid and osteoarthritis Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) In RA, the immune system suspects the soft lining around the joints as threats and attacks. It is just the way they attack foreign matters like bacteria and viruses. The immune system sends many fighting cells to the joint which accumulates. This leads to swelling. The swelling increases the pressure around the joints causing inflammation, stiffness and pain. Osteoarthritis (OA) In OA, there is loss of cartilage around the joints. This leads to a gradual degeneration of the cartilage making the bones around the joint to rub against each other. The robbing leads to i...

Diabetes is a chronic disease that causes an increase in blood sugar. It happens when the body's pancreas is unable to produce insulin or when the body cannot effectively utilise insulin it produces and releases. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. It is synthesized by the pancreas. Diabetes Glucose is the primary source of energy for the human body. Absorbed from the intestine it is metabolised by energy production (by conversion to water and carbon dioxide), conversion to amino acids and proteins or keto-acids stored as glycogen. Metabolism of glucose is regulated by complex orchestration of hormones activities. Dietary sugars are broken down into various carbohydrates. The most important is glucose, metabolised in nearly all body cells. Glucose enters the cell by facilitated diffusion (glucose transport proteins). This facilitated transport is stimulated very rapidly and effectively by an insulin signal (glucose transport into muscle and adipose cells is increased u...

The national youth service corps (NYSC) was established after the Nigerian civil war by the then president of Nigeria, Yakubu Gowon. In this programme, graduates of tertiary institutions in Nigeria and foreign countries must participate in nation building. The requirements used to be very simple. Graduates above the age of 30 or those who have served in the military or graduates of other programmes are exempted. However, the programme has endured so many reforms over the years. Read Also : National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) Registration For Pharmacy Students This blog has many tips on NYSC. They are all tailored to answer the many questions of NYSC by prospective corp members (PCM) and corp members (CM). And just recently, the management of NYSC have just released recent updates concerning the programme that will affect many CM. This current tip covers others found on this blog. I will do well to modify all my old posts on this site. NYSC Registration tips Tips For Deployed Prospect...

Ambulance saves lives when deployed on time. That also depends on when they are contacted. They can rapidly transport paramedics and other first responders to the scene, carry equipment for administering emergency care and transport patients to hospital or other definitive care. They can also be used to carry the dead safely from one point to another especially in cases of pandemic like Covid-19. Type of ambulance service Ambulance Services Ambulance services fall into two categories. Emergency and non emergency. Non Emergency Ambulance Service These services include carrying the dead from one point to another. This is very important in cases of pandemic where hygiene is required. They are also used to convey the dead to the point of burial or to the mortuary if the death occurred outside the morgue. Read Also :  All About Ambulance Service Another form is the patient transport ambulance – A vehicle, which has the job of transporting patients to, from or between places of medical t...

Currently in Nigeria, ambulance services are executed by individual hospitals (public and private) as well as organisations and agencies. To reduce the number of deaths caused by the delay in access to healthcare services, the federal government has announced plans to introduce the National Emergency Medical Service and Ambulance System. Ambulance service in Nigeria National Ambulance Services System (NASS) In Nigeria National Ambulance Services System (NASS) is a system for the coordination and provision of emergency medical care and transportation of the sick or injured persons who are in need of immediate medical care. The goal is to reach those in need urgent medical care in order to satisfactorily treat the presenting conditions or arrange for timely removal of the patient to the point of definitive care, most likely an emergency department of a hospital or health facilities. Read Also :  The Different Type Of Hospitals Found In Nigeria Presently in Nigeria, there is no formal...

An ambulance is a medically equipped vehicle which transports patients to treatment facilities, such as hospitals. They can rapidly transport paramedics and other first responders to the scene, carry equipment for administering emergency care and transport patients to hospital or other definitive care. Ambulance service Types Of Ambulance There are two categories of ambulances. They are based on ambulance service and ambulance design. Read Also :  Requirements Setting Up Medical Facility In Nigeria (Clinic And Nursing Home) Ambulance Service 1. Emergency Ambulance : this ambulance has space for stretcher and equipment to rescue an emergency patient and begin treatment before getting to hospital. It carries paramedics too. 2 . Patient Ambulance : this type of ambulance oy have a stecher to rescue a patient during an emergency and take the person to the hospital. No treatment is administered enroute. No paramedics. Just the driver. 3 . Ambulance Bus : this is designed to rescue a lar...

I have always heard people say that beer contains a lot of sugar even though it is bitter. They claim that sugary drinks like Coca cola contain less amount of sugar compared to beer. I decided to take a day off to do my own investigation. What I found out will amaze you. Sugar in beer Does Beer Contain Sugar Before we answer the question, let us first of all find out how beer is made. First thing first, we know beer is bitter. Beer is made from water, grain, hops, and yeast. The grain — which is usually malted barley — is the source of the sugar. On its own, it’s quite sweet. This is where the yeast comes in; these microorganisms enable the fermentation of the sugars in the malted barley, forming alcohol. The hops add the bitterness that is characteristic of beer. Read Also:  Sugar from garri and other natural food is better than sugar from Sugary drinks Therefore, while beer contains a fair amount of carbs, its sugar content tends to be quite low. Beer's sugar content is comprised...

Health experts have always sounded warning concerning sugary drinks including fruit drinks. In this blog, I have also written a couple of posts on the negative effects of these drinks on health. But could there be a slight chance of any benefit to these drinks? Let us see. Carbonated sugary drinks in hypoglycemia Danger Of Sugary Drinks One problem with sugary drinks is that they very rapidly increase blood sugar levels and this can lead to tiredness and increased hunger even in people without diabetes (hyperglycemia). Another problem with sugary soft drinks is that they don’t contribute any nutritional value aside from energy. Read Also :  How To Measure Blood Glucose Level Using Home Glucose Meter Benefits Of Sugary Drinks In Hypoglycaemia Sugary drinks can increase blood sugar level. This means that it can help increase sugar level in people with hypoglycemia (low sugar in the blood). Hypoglycemia is very common in diabetics taking antidiabetic drugs. This is the only reason sug...